• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a flat collector module (1), comprising a sandwich-like construction of a protective layer (10), an insulating layer (11), an absorber layer (12) and an outer insulating layer (14), as part of a solar thermal system (3), wherein the absorber layer (12) is designed in one or more parts and has a recessed fluid-tight channel (120) through which a heat exchange fluid (32) is transportable, a horizontal walk-through arrangement is to be achieved, the efficiency is still within the known values. This is achieved by arranging on each flat collector module (1) an inlet valve (15) before entry into the fluid-tight channel (120) and an outlet valve (16) locally after the fluid-tight channel (120), wherein the inlet valve (15) and the outlet valve (16) is connected to a controller (30) and a sensor layer (13) with at least one temperature sensor is arranged on a side (A) of the absorber layer (12) facing away from the sun, so that the sensor position is controlled by means of control (30) (13) the inlet and / or outlet valve (15, 16) and / or a pump (33) can be activated or deactivated by sensor control.
    公开号:CH713448A2
    申请号:CH00155/17
    申请日:2017-02-10
    公开日:2018-08-15
    发明作者:Biegel Christoph
    申请人:Biegel Christoph；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention describes a flat collector module comprising a sandwich structure of a protective layer, an insulating layer, an absorber layer and an outer insulating layer, as part of a solar thermal system, wherein the absorber layer is integrally formed and has a recessed fluid-tight channel through which Heat exchange fluid is transportable and a solar thermal system with at least one flat collector module.
    PRIOR ART Flat-plate modules for solar thermal systems are known per se and are described in DE 10 2011 076 189.
    Such flat collector modules are intended exclusively for mounting in sloping roofs and work only there.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has for its object to provide a solar thermal system which can be laid in a horizontal floor surface, at least partially passable or passable and yet is able to convert sufficient thermal energy that an efficient operation is possible , This requires the creation of a flat collector module. Despite horizontal installation and often partial to complete shading of the at least one flat collector module, an optimized heat exchange with the heat exchange fluid can be achieved.
    So far modules are arranged in sloping roofs and a flow of the heat exchange fluid is automatically at a temperature difference. However, such a system is not horizontally deployable, but requires an angle of attack, which is a use as partially walk-in or passable solar thermal system is impossible.
    For horizontal use, a pump or pressure system is necessary so that a circulation of the heat exchange fluid can take place. The heat exchange fluid circulates in the channels of the absorber layer, flows from there to a heat exchanger and then back into the channels of the absorber layer.
    To increase the efficiency of the thermal energy absorption, an absorber surface of the absorber layer is provided on its sun-facing side with special absorber surface structures.
    Conventional solar thermal systems on roofs must be aligned at an optimum angle to the sun, so no shading and thus a reduction in efficiency arises. By a controller, which is responsible, inter alia, that only the heated flat collector modules are in operation, an increase in efficiency is achieved in the present invention. This requires targeted control of intake and exhaust valves.
    Thus, the solar thermal system can be laid in a horizontal floor surface and walk-in or passable, sufficient stability must be ensured. The protective layer must be permeable to heat radiation regardless of the angle of the rays. The protective layer must not heat up.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the drawings. They are shown in
    Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a solar thermal system connected to heat storage and consumers.
    2 shows a sectional view through a flat collector module according to a preferred embodiment.
    Fig. 3a shows a perspective view of an absorber layer without representation of the channels with a structured Absor beroberfläche while
    Fig. 3b shows a longitudinal, or cross-section through the absorber layer of Fig. 3a.
    FIG. 3c shows a perspective view of a further absorber layer with a modified structuring, while FIG. 3d shows a longitudinal section through the absorber layer from FIG. 3c.
    3e shows a perspective view of a third absorber layer with a modified structuring, while FIG. 3f shows a longitudinal or cross section through the absorber layer from FIG. 3e.
    Description The basic structure of the overall system consists of at least one solar thermal system 3, a heat storage 5 and consumer 6, e.g. a household. It is also possible to equip the overall system with a plurality of heat accumulators 5 ', 5 ", to which priorities are assigned, after which they are heated with heated fluid from a storage circuit 35. Thus, a higher degree of utilization can be achieved.
    The solar thermal system 3 is composed of at least one flat collector module 1, a heat exchanger 4 and a controller 30. A pump or pressure system 33, at least one inlet valve 15 and outlet valve 16, a collector circuit 34 and a storage circuit 35 complete the solar thermal system. 3
    The at least one flat collector module 1 is connected to the collector circuit 34 in which by means of a pumping or pressure system 33 heat exchange fluid 32 circulates. The heated heat exchanger fluid 32 in the flat collector module 1 is thus forwarded via the piping 31 to the heat exchanger 4, where it outputs the heat energy to the fluid in the storage circuit 35 from. The heated fluid is guided in the storage circuit 35 to the at least one heat storage 5 and stored. The consumer 6 can access the heated fluid in the heat accumulator 5. Due to a modular design of the solar thermal system 3, it is possible to use several flat collector modules 1 in order to achieve an increase in efficiency.
    The at least one flat collector module 1 is connected to at least one inlet valve 15 and an outlet valve 16 via connecting pipes 17 with the collector circuit 34.
    More precisely, inlet valve 15 and outlet valve 16 are connected to an absorber layer 12 of the at least one flat collector module 1 such that channels 120 arranged in the absorber layer 12 can be acted upon by fluid under control. The inlet valve 15 and the outlet valve 16 can be activated or deactivated by the controller 30. Thus, the flow rate of the heat exchange fluid 32 can be controlled by the flat collector module 1 and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid 32 can be controlled.
    The solar thermal system 3 is laid on a horizontal bottom surface 18. Due to the horizontal arrangement, use of floor space, e.g. Terrace, flat roof, street, possible to provide hot water for e.g. to create a household.
    A collector module 1 is constructed of several layers. From a protective layer 10, an insulating layer 11, an absorber layer 12 with at least one fluid-tight channel 120, a sensor layer 13 and a floor insulating layer 14.
    As a top layer, a protective layer 10 is attached, which consists for example of glass. The protective layer 10 must be permeable to thermal radiation 19 regardless of the angle of incidence. The protective layer is here by a mounting frame 2, e.g. a stainless steel tub, worn. On mounting frame 2 are ground fasteners 21, preferably individually leveled, for example, pedestal mounted. The protective layer is preferably configured with a non-slip surface 100.
    The flat collector module 1 is at least partially walkable or passable. The stability is ensured here by a mounting frame 2, which carries the protective layer 10, and floor fasteners 21. The protective layer 10, e.g. is made of a glass plate, is stable enough that people can stand on it or ride the protective layer 10.
    So that the protective layer 10 is not heated from below by the heated absorber layer 12, an insulating layer 11 is installed. This consists e.g. from air, fluid or from a special coating on the underside of the insulating layer 11.
    The absorber layer 12 is here made of a metal body, e.g. Aluminum, prepared in which the heat exchange fluid 32 by at least one incorporated fluid-tight channel 120, preferably meandering or spiral, can flow and is heated there. The channel 120 extends on the side A of the absorber layer 12 facing away from the sun and should be distributed over a large area or over the entire surface of the absorber layer 12.
    The channel 120 of the absorber layer 12 is connected to the inlet valve 15 and the outlet valve 16 via connecting pipes 17 to the collector circuit 34.
    The absorber layer 12 can also be made of e.g. thermally conductive plastic or other materials. There is also the possibility that, for example, a pipe instead of the channel 120 on the side facing away from the sun A is used.
    The surface of the absorber layer 12 on the sun-facing side S has a special surface structure, the absorber surface 121. Here, the absorber surface 121 is integrally formed on the absorber layer 12. But there is also the possibility that the absorber surface 121 and the absorber layer 12 are constructed separately from two separate parts.
    Under the absorber layer 12, on the side facing away from the sun A, the sensor layer 13 is attached, which consists of at least one temperature sensor. The sensor layer 13 is connected to the controller 30. There is the possibility that the at least one temperature sensor of the sensor layer 13 consists of multi-layer printed electronics, which is equipped with at least one printed temperature sensor, but may also consist of a sensor connection. The printed electronics are known from the prior art and comprise polymer layers and / or metal layers with which a surface reading of the temperature over a surface is permitted.
    The demarcation to the horizontal bottom surface 18 forms the bottom insulation layer 14th
    The absorber surface 121 of the absorber layer 120 consists of a special absorber surface structure 1210 in order to achieve an increase in efficiency of the solar thermal system 3. The absorber surface structure 1210 consists of regularly arranged elevations, which bring about an increase in the surface area and also in the case of an oblique incidence of the heat radiation, an increased absorption.
    The absorber surface structure 1210 has a sinusoidal structure in the absorber longitudinal direction I and in the absorber transverse direction q. This is achieved by means of milling with round or throat cutter and quarter-circle profile cutter. As a result of the vertical meeting of the sinusoidal cuts in the absorber transverse direction q and the absorber longitudinal direction I, elevations arise which are uniformly distributed on the absorber surface 121.
    Another possibility for a sinusoidal absorber surface structure 1210 'consists of a sinusoidal structure aligned only with respect to the absorber transverse direction q, which is achieved by means of milling with round or throat milling cutter and quarter-circle profile milling cutter.
    The possibility of a pyramid-shaped absorber surface structure 1210 "in Fig. 3c has a serrated structure in the absorber longitudinal direction I and absorber transverse direction q The structure is created by means of milling with angle or prismatic milling cutter through the perpendicular meeting of the millings in absorber transverse direction q and absorber longitudinal direction I arise surveys, which are uniformly distributed on the absorber surface 121 at regular intervals and in absorber transverse direction q and absorber longitudinal direction I are triangular.
    As soon as the flat collector module 1 is irradiated by the sun, it heats up. With the sensor layer 13, the temperature is measured at each flat collector module 1, which is installed in the solar thermal system 3, and forwarded to the controller 30. From a certain desired value of the temperature of the flat collector module 1, it is activated via the activation of the inlet valve 15 and the outlet valve 16. The inlet and outlet valves 15, 16 can be activated or deactivated by the controller 30. Thus, the flow of the heat exchange fluid 32 can be controlled by the flat collector modules 1. When the temperature falls below the setpoint value, the flat collector module 1 is deactivated. As a result, a higher degree of utilization can be achieved since only the heated flat collector modules 1 are in operation and thus only heated heat exchanger fluid 32 is passed to the heat exchanger 4 via the collector circuit 34.
    By controlling the pump or pressure system can be activated or deactivated.
    In an overall system consisting of a plurality of heat accumulators 5, 5 ', 5 ", is controlled by the controller, the heat absorbed in the heat storage 5, 5', 5" allocated according to priorities.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 flat collector module 10 protective layer (eg glass, at least one protective layer) 100 non-slip surface (eg nubs) 11 insulating layer (eg air) 12 absorber layer (metal body, but can also be made of plastic or other materials) 120 channel ( fluid-tight, in which the heat exchange fluid circulates) 121 Absorber surface 1210 Absorber surface structure 1211 Absorber surface structure 1212 Absorber surface structure I Absorber longitudinal direction q Absorber transverse direction S Sun-facing side A Sun-remote side 13 Sensor layer 14 Ground insulation layer 15 Inlet valve 16 Exhaust valve 17 Connection tubes 18 Horizontal bottom surface 19 Heat radiation (= solar radiation)
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    2 Mounting frame (self-supporting, eg as stainless steel sump) 21 Floor mounting (eg pedestal bearing) 3 Solar thermal system (includes at least one flat collector module 1) 30 Control 31 Piping 32 Heat exchanger fluid (known from SdT) 33 Pump / pressure system 34 Collector circuit 35 Storage circuit 4 Heat exchanger 5, 5 ', 5 "heat storage 6 consumers (eg household) claims
    1. flat collector module (1), comprising a sandwich-like construction of a protective layer (10), an insulating layer (11), an absorber layer (12), a sensor layer (13) and an outer insulating layer (14), as part of a solar thermal system (3), wherein the absorber layer (12) is designed in one or more parts and has a recessed fluid-tight channel (120) through which a heat exchanger fluid (32) can be transported, characterized in that at each flat collector module (1) an inlet valve (15) before entry into the fluid-tight channel (120) and an outlet valve (16) are arranged locally after the fluid-tight channel (120), wherein the inlet valve (15) and the outlet valve (16) are connected to a controller (30) and on a side facing away from the sun (A ) of the absorber layer (12) a sensor layer (13) is arranged with at least one temperature sensor, so that by means of control (30) depending on the detected temperature of the sensor layer (13) the inlet and / or outlet valve (15 , 16) and / or a pump (33) can be activated or deactivated by sensors, so that a heat exchanger fluid (32) controlled by the controller (30) can be pumped in or out through the fluid-tight channel (120).
    [2]
    2. Flat plate module (1) according to claim 1, wherein a sun-facing side (S) of the absorber layer (12) has an absorber surface (121) with an absorber surface structure (1210), which comprises a plurality of isolated elevations projecting from a reference level, wherein the elevations are distributed homogeneously on the absorber surface (121).
    [3]
    3. Flat plate module (1) according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of isolated elevations by milling in the longitudinal direction and milling in the transverse direction of the absorber layer (12) or a prefabricated form is created.
    [4]
    4. flat collector module (1) according to claim 3, wherein the absorber surface structure (1210) is achieved by longitudinally and transversely sinusoidal running milling by means of circular milling cutter or Mehlfräser and quadrant profile cutter.
    [5]
    5. flat collector module (1) according to claim 3, wherein the absorber surface structure (1211) is achieved by transversely sinusoidal running milling by means of circular or Mehlfräser and quadrant profile cutter.
    [6]
    6. flat collector module (1) according to claim 3, wherein the isolated elevations of the absorber surface structure 1212 are designed in the form of pyramids.
    [7]
    7. Flat plate module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor layer (13) comprises a plurality of attached to the sensor layer (13) or printed temperature sensors.
    [8]
    8. flat collector module (1) according to claim 7, wherein the temperature sensors of the sensor layer (13) of a multi-layer printed electronics of polymer layers and / or metal layers are distributed and / or interconnected area.
    [9]
    9. solar thermal system (3), with at least one flat collector module (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat collector module (1) is held in a self-supporting mounting frame (2) and fixed to the ground fastenings (21) and the sensor position ( 13) or the at least one temperature sensor of the sensor layer (13) and inlet valve (15) and outlet valve (16) are connected to the control device (30) such that the temperature of the flat collector module (1) can be read out and the valves (15, 16 ) as well as the pumping or printing system (33) are controllable.
    [10]
    10. Solar thermal system (3) according to claim 9, wherein each flat collector module (1) in a horizontal bottom surface (18) laid operable.
    [11]
    11. solar thermal system (3) according to claim 10, wherein at each flat collector module (1) by the protective layer (10), supported by the mounting frame (2) and the bottom attachment (21), sufficient stability is ensured so that the solar thermal system (3) at least partially accessible and / or passable.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH713448B1|2021-02-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00155/17A|CH713448B1|2017-02-10|2017-02-10|Flat collector module and solar thermal system.|CH00155/17A| CH713448B1|2017-02-10|2017-02-10|Flat collector module and solar thermal system.|
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